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BGP routing security: route leaks, RPKI and ASPA

An original source-backed IROSG IT guide.

BGP routing security: route leaks, RPKI and ASPA

Scope

This original IROSG guide covers امنیت BGP و کاهش route leak/hijack using the cited primary documentation.

Core model

BGP مسیر prefixها را بین Autonomous Systemها مبادله می‌کند. Route leak می‌تواند مسیر معتبر اما نامناسب را منتشر کند؛ hijack ممکن است origin اشتباه معرفی کند. RPKI/ROA روی origin validation تمرکز دارد و ASPA رابطهٔ provider را برای بررسی path تقویت می‌کند.

Practical workflow

prefix filter، max-prefix، RPKI validation و policy export را baseline کنید. looking glass و BGP monitoring برای دیدن اثر بیرونی تغییر مهم‌اند.

Failure modes

داشتن RPKI به‌تنهایی همهٔ path attackها را حل نمی‌کند. policy اشتباه export می‌تواند در چند ثانیه دامنهٔ بزرگی پیدا کند.

Lab

سه AS آزمایشی با FRR بسازید، یک route leak ایجاد کنید و قبل/بعد از export filter جدول BGP را مقایسه کنید. سپس مفهوم origin validation را روی prefix آزمایشی شبیه‌سازی کنید.

Production method

Capture a baseline, change one variable at a time, test positive and negative paths, keep evidence, and rehearse rollback before broad rollout.

TRACEABLE KNOWLEDGE

Sources & further reading

01
Cloudflare — مرجع فنیhttps://blog.cloudflare.com/aspa-secure-internet/

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